对贸易保护主义的支持，书中的内容其实一直以来都有继承，不管是在《Kicking Away the Ladder》或《自由贸易的神话》还是《新国家主义经济观》都能看到现代背景下的阐述。作者的思想用kicking away the ladder中的一句话就可以总结，即：
List then goes on to argue that free trade is beneficial among countries
at similar levels of industrial development (which is why he strongly
advocated a customs union among the German states - Zollverein),
but not between those at different levels of development. Like many of
his contemporaries in countries that were trying to catch up with Britain,
he argues that free trade benefits Britain but not the less developed
economies.
To be sure, he acknowledges that free trade benefits
agricultural exporters in these economies, but this is to the detriment
of their national manufacturers and thus of their national economic
prosperity in the long run.
当然，原著本身的内容还是要远远大于内容总结的，不仅包括一些历史细节，更有对斯密和萨伊的反驳，非常精彩---就是有点罗嗦。
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